Ferro silicon is an iron-silicon alloy made of coke, steel chips, quartz (or silica) as raw materials and smelted by electric furnace. Since silicon and oxygen are easy to combine into silicon dioxide, iron silicon is often used as a deoxidizer in steelmaking, and due to the release of a large amount of heat when SiO2 is generated, it is also beneficial to improve the temperature of molten steel at the same time. At the same time, ferrosilicon can also be used as alloying element additive, widely used in low-alloy structural steel, spring steel, bearing steel, heat-resistant steel and electrical silicon steel, ferro silicon in ferro alloy production and chemical industry, commonly used as a reducing agent.
Used as deoxidizer and alloying agent in steelmaking industry.
In order to obtain the chemical composition of qualified steel and ensure the quality of steel, in the final stage of steelmaking must be deoxidized, the chemical affinity between silicon and oxygen is very large, so ferro silicon is a strong deoxidizer for precipitation and diffusion in steelmaking. Adding a certain amount of silicon to steel can significantly improve the strength, hardness and elasticity of steel, so when smelting structural steel (containing silicon 0.40-1.75%), tool steel (including SiO.30-1.8%), spring steel (including SiO.40-2.8%) and transformer silicon steel (containing silicon 2.81-4.8%), Ferro silicon is also used as an alloying agent. At the same time, improving the shape of inclusions and reducing the content of gas elements in molten steel is an effective new technology to improve steel quality, reduce cost and save iron. It is especially suitable for continuous casting steel deoxidation requirements. Practice has proved that ferrosilicon not only meets the deoxidation requirements of steelmaking, but also has desulfurization performance and has the advantages of heavy ratio and strong penetration.
In addition, in the steelmaking industry, the use of ferro silicon powder at high temperature can release a lot of heat, which is often used as ingot cap heating agent to improve the quality and recovery of ingot.
It is used as inoculant and nodulator in the cast iron industry.
Cast iron is an important metal material in modern industry, it is cheaper than steel, easy to melt and smelt, has excellent casting performance and much better earthquake resistance than steel. In particular, ductile iron, its mechanical properties reach or approach the mechanical properties of steel. Adding a certain amount of ferro silicon to cast iron can prevent the formation of carbides in iron and promote the precipitation and spheroidization of graphite, so in the production of ductile iron, ferro silicon is an important inoculant (to help precipitate graphite) and spheroidizing agent.
Used as reducing agent in ferro alloy production.
Not only the chemical affinity between silicon and oxygen is very large, but also the carbon content of high-silicon iron silicon is very low. Therefore, high-silicon ferro silicon (or siliceous alloy) is a commonly used reducing agent in the ferro alloy industry when producing low-carbon ferroalloys.
75# ferro silicon is often used in the high temperature smelting process of magnesium metal in the Pijiang process, replacing the magnesium in CaO.MgO, and consuming about 1.2 tons of ferro silicon for every ton of magnesium metal produced, which plays a great role in the production of magnesium metal.
Other uses of ferro silicon.
The fine or atomized ferro silicon powder can be used as a suspended phase in the mineral processing industry. In the welding rod manufacturing industry can be used as welding rod coating. High silicon iron silicon is used in the chemical industry to make products such as silicone.
Among these uses, the steelmaking industry, the casting industry and the ferro alloy industry are the largest users of ferro silicon. Together, they consume more than 90% of the ferro silicon. In a variety of different grades of ferro silicon, the most widely used is 75% ferro silicon. In the steelmaking industry, about 3-5kG 75% of ferro silicon is consumed per 1t of steel produced.
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